We have previously written about retinol. You can read this article here:
Retinol, a powerful active ingredient in skin care
What are glycolic acids?
Glycolic acids belong to a group of chemical compounds known as alpha hydroxy acids (AHAs) and are among the most widely used ingredients in skin care. It is mainly extracted from sugar cane, but can also be found in other fruits and vegetables. This acid is water-soluble and known for its ability to penetrate the skin and aid exfoliation by removing dead skin cells, resulting in a fresher and more youthful skin surface.
The history behind glycolic acid
Origin and early use
The use of glycolic acid and other AHAs dates back to ancient times, with historical records indicating that ancient civilizations used natural sources of these acids, such as milk and fruits, for skin care. In modern times, glycolic acid became more prominent in skin care products after scientific studies in the 1990s demonstrated its effectiveness in skin rejuvenation.
Scientific recognition
Glycolic acid gained widespread scientific attention and became popular in cosmetic dermatology due to its ability to improve skin texture and appearance. It quickly became a favorite among dermatologists and skincare experts worldwide.
The Use of Glycolic Acids in Skin Care
Glycolic acid is used in a variety of skincare products, including facial cleansers, toners, serums, and creams. It is particularly valuable in products that target signs of aging such as wrinkles and fine lines, as well as skin conditions such as acne and hyperpigmentation.
Exfoliation and renewal
One of the primary uses of glycolic acid is its exfoliating effect. By dissolving the bonds between dead skin cells on the skin's surface, glycolic acid promotes cell renewal and makes room for new, fresh skin.
Hydration and clarity
In addition to its exfoliating effects, glycolic acid also has hygroscopic properties, meaning that it attracts and binds moisture in the skin. This makes glycolic acid-based products an excellent choice for people who want to improve both their skin's moisture level and clarity.
We sell products containing glycolic acid from Neostrata, Elixir, and Zo Skin Health in our clinic and online store.
See our selection of products containing glycolic acid here: Products containing glycolic acid
The Effect of Glycolic Acids in Skin Care Products
Skin texture and appearance
Regular use of skin care products containing glycolic acid can lead to noticeable improvements in skin texture and appearance. Users may experience a reduction in the visibility of pores, a smoother skin surface, and an overall improvement in skin tone.
Long-term benefits
With prolonged use, glycolic acid products can help reduce fine lines and wrinkles, improve skin firmness and elasticity, and even out skin tone by reducing dark spots and hyperpigmentation.
The difference between AHA and PHA
While glycolic acid (an AHA) is well known for its effectiveness in skin care, polyhydroxy acids (PHAs) have also begun to gain attention for their unique properties. PHA acids such as gluconolactone and lactobionic acid offer similar benefits to AHA acids, but they are larger molecules that do not penetrate as deeply into the skin. This makes PHAs ideal for those with sensitive skin, as they cause less irritation compared to AHAs.
The benefits of PHA
PHAs are not only gentler, but they also have antioxidant properties and are moisturizing. They work on the skin's surface to improve texture without the potential irritation that can occur with stronger acids. This makes them a good option for those who may find AHAs too strong or those who have skin conditions such as rosacea or eczema.
Ideal for everyday use
Due to their mild nature, PHAs are ideal for daily use and can often be used alongside other skincare treatments without increasing the risk of irritation. This makes them a valuable addition to any skincare routine, especially for those who want the benefits of acids without the side effects.
These properties make PHAs an appealing choice for many who want to expand their skincare regimen with acid-based products but need a gentler approach.
Glycolic acid is undoubtedly a powerful ingredient in skincare, and its popularity continues to grow as more people discover its many benefits. Whether the goal is to achieve clearer, smoother skin or to combat signs of skin aging, glycolic acid is a reliable choice for effective results.